Fundamentalism

Fundamentalism, U.S. conservative Protestant movement, upholding evangelicalism against modernism. The movement has flourished, particularly in the South, since the early 20th century. Its chief doctrines, set out in a series of pamphlets, The Fundamentals (1910–12), are Christ's virgin birth, physical resurrection, and second coming, the substitutionary theory of the atonement, and the absolute infallibility of the bible. The last led to a denial of biblical criticism and the theory of evolution. Leading advocates of the movement include W.J. Bryan and the theologian John Gresham Machen. Modern fundamentalism is mostly dispensationalist, pietist, and revivalist.

See also: Protestantism.